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EC-COUNCIL 312-40 Exam Syllabus Topics:

Topic	Details
Topic 1	Forensic Investigation in the Cloud: This topic is related to the forensic investigation process in cloud computing. It includes data collection methods and cloud forensic challenges.
Topic 2	Business Continuity and Disaster Recovery in the Cloud: It highlights the significance of business continuity and planning of disaster recovery in IR.
Topic 3	Data Security in the Cloud: This topic covers the basics of cloud data storage. Additionally, it covers the lifecycle of cloud storage data and different controls to protect cloud data at rest and data in transit.
Topic 4	Introduction to Cloud Security: This topic covers core concepts of cloud computing, cloud-based threats, cloud service models, and vulnerabilities.
Topic 5	Platform and Infrastructure Security in the Cloud: It explores key technologies and components that form a cloud architecture.

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EC-COUNCIL EC-Council Certified Cloud Security Engineer (CCSE) Sample Questions (Q135-Q140):

NEW QUESTION # 135
Melissa George is a cloud security engineer in an IT company. Her organization has adopted cloud-based services. The integration of cloud services has become significantly complicated to be managed by her organization. Therefore, her organization requires a third-party to consult, mediate, and facilitate the selection of a solution. Which of the following NIST cloud deployment reference architecture actors manages cloud service usage, performance, and delivery, and maintains the relationship between the CSPs and cloud consumers?

A. Cloud Provider
B. Cloud Auditor
C. Cloud Broker
D. Cloud Carrier

Answer: C

Explanation:
* Cloud Service Integration: As cloud services become more complex, organizations like Melissa George's may require assistance in managing and integrating these services1.
* Third-Party Assistance: A third-party entity, known as a cloud broker, can provide the necessary consultation, mediation, and facilitation services to manage cloud service usage and performance1.
* Cloud Broker Role: The cloud broker manages the use, performance, and delivery of cloud services, and maintains the relationship between cloud service providers (CSPs) and cloud consumers1.
* NIST Reference Architecture: According to the NIST cloud deployment reference architecture, the cloud broker is an actor who helps consumers navigate the complexity of cloud services by offering management and orchestration between users and providers1.
* Other Actors: While cloud auditors, cloud carriers, and cloud providers play significant roles within the cloud ecosystem, they do not typically mediate between CSPs and consumers in the way that a cloud broker does1.
References:
* GeeksforGeeks article on Cloud Stakeholders as per NIST1.

NEW QUESTION # 136
Rebecca Gibel has been working as a cloud security engineer in an IT company for the past 5 years. Her organization uses cloud-based services. Rebecca's organization contains personal information about its clients,which is encrypted and stored in the cloud environment. The CEO of her organization has asked Rebecca to delete the personal information of all clients who utilized their services between 2011 and 2015. Rebecca deleted the encryption keys that are used to encrypt the original data; this made the data unreadable and unrecoverable. Based on the given information, which deletion method was implemented by Rebecca?

A. Data Erasure
B. Data Scrubbing
C. Crypto-Shredding
D. Nulling Out

Answer: C

Explanation:
Crypto-shredding is the method of 'deleting' encrypted data by destroying the encryption keys. This method is particularly useful in cloud environments where physical destruction of storage media is not feasible. By deleting the keys used to encrypt the data, the data itself becomes inaccessible and is effectively considered deleted.
Here's how crypto-shredding works:
Encryption: Data is encrypted using cryptographic keys, which are essential for decrypting the data to make it readable.
Key Management: The keys are managed separately from the data, often in a secure key management system.
Deletion of Keys: When instructed to delete the data, instead of trying to erase the actual data, the encryption keys are deleted.
Data Inaccessibility: Without the keys, the encrypted data cannot be decrypted, rendering it unreadable and unrecoverable.
Compliance: This method helps organizations comply with data protection regulations that require secure deletion of personal data.
Reference:
A technical paper discussing the concept of crypto-shredding as a method for secure deletion of data in cloud environments.
An industry article explaining how crypto-shredding is used to meet data privacy requirements, especially in cloud storage scenarios.

NEW QUESTION # 137
SevocSoft Private Ltd. is an IT company that develops software and applications for the banking sector. The security team of the organization found a security incident caused by misconfiguration in Infrastructure-as-Code (laC) templates. Upon further investigation, the security team found that the server configuration was built using a misconfigured laC template, which resulted in security breach and exploitation of the organizational cloud resources. Which of the following would have prevented this security breach and exploitation?

A. Scanning of laC Template
B. Testing of laC Template
C. Striping of laC Template
D. Mapping of laC Template

Answer: A

Explanation:
Scanning Infrastructure-as-Code (IaC) templates is a preventive measure that can identify misconfigurations and potential security issues before the templates are deployed. This process involves analyzing the code to ensure it adheres to best practices and security standards.
Here's how scanning IaC templates could have prevented the security breach:
Early Detection: Scanning tools can detect misconfigurations in IaC templates early in the development cycle, before deployment.
Automated Scans: Automated scanning tools can be integrated into the CI/CD pipeline to continuously check for issues as code is written and updated.
Security Best Practices: Scanning ensures that IaC templates comply with security best practices and organizational policies.
Vulnerability Identification: It helps identify vulnerabilities that could be exploited if the infrastructure is deployed with those configurations.
Remediation Guidance: Scanning tools often provide guidance on how to fix identified issues, which can prevent exploitation.
Reference:
Microsoft documentation on scanning for misconfigurations in IaC templates1.
Orca Security's blog on securing IaC templates and the importance of scanning them2.
An article discussing common security risks with IaC and the need for scanning templates3.

NEW QUESTION # 138
Rebecca Mader has been working as a cloud security engineer in an IT company located in Detroit, Michigan. Her organization uses AWS cloud-based services. An application is launched by a developer on an EC2 instance that needs access to the S3 bucket (photos). Rebecca created a get-pics service role and attached it to the EC2 instance. This service role comprises a permission policy that allows read-only access to the S3 bucket and a trust policy that allows the instance to assume the role and retrieve temporary credentials. The application uses the temporary credentials of the role to access the photo bucket when it runs on the instance. Does the developer need to share or manage credentials or does the admin need to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket?

A. Yes, the developer should share or manage credentials and the admin should grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
B. Yes, the developer has to share or manage credentials, but the admin does not have to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
C. No, the developer never has to share or manage credentials, but the admin has to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket
D. No, the developer never has to share or manage credentials and the admin does not have to grant permission to the developer to access the photo bucket

Answer: D

Explanation:
AWS IAM Roles: AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) roles allow for permissions to be assigned to AWS resources without the use of static credentials. Roles provide temporary credentials that are automatically rotated.
Service Role: The 'get-pics' service role created by Rebecca includes a permission policy for read-only access to the S3 bucket and a trust policy that allows the EC2 instance to assume the role.
Temporary Credentials: When the application runs on the EC2 instance, it uses the temporary credentials provided by the role to access the S3 bucket. These credentials are dynamically provided and do not require developer management.
Developer and Admin Roles: Since the EC2 instance has the necessary permissions through the service role, the developer does not need to manage credentials. Similarly, the admin does not need to grant explicit permission to the developer because the permissions are already encapsulated within the role.
Security Best Practices: This approach adheres to AWS security best practices by avoiding the sharing of static credentials and minimizing the need for manual credential management.
Reference:
AWS's official documentation on IAM roles.

NEW QUESTION # 139
Georgia Lyman works as a cloud security engineer in a multinational company. Her organization uses cloud-based services. Its virtualized networks and associated virtualized resources encountered certain capacity limitations that affected the data transfer performance and virtual server communication. How can Georgia eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds imposed on a virtual server by its virtualized environment?

A. By allowing the virtual appliance to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
B. By restricting the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
C. By restricting the virtual appliance to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly
D. By allowing the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and access the I/O card of the physical server directly

Answer: D

Explanation:
Virtual servers can face performance limitations due to the overhead introduced by the hypervisor in a virtualized environment. To improve data transfer performance and communication between virtual servers, Georgia can eliminate the data transfer capacity thresholds by allowing the virtual server to bypass the hypervisor and directly access the I/O card of the physical server. This technique is known as Single Root I/O Virtualization (SR-IOV), which allows virtual machines to directly access network interfaces, thereby reducing latency and improving throughput.
Understanding SR-IOV: SR-IOV enables a network interface card (NIC) to appear as multiple separate physical devices to the virtual machines, allowing them to bypass the hypervisor.
Performance Benefits: By bypassing the hypervisor, the virtual server can achieve near-native performance for network I/O, eliminating bottlenecks and improving data transfer rates.
Implementation: This requires hardware support for SR-IOV and appropriate configuration in the hypervisor and virtual machines.
Reference
VMware SR-IOV
Intel SR-IOV Overview

NEW QUESTION # 140
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